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<p>[toc]</p>
<h1 id="_1">数据库操作</h1>
<h2 id="1">1 实验类型</h2>
<p>验证型，2学时，必选实验</p>
<h2 id="2">2 实验目的</h2>
<p>掌握sqlite数据库操作流程；熟悉sqlite3常见函数；</p>
<h2 id="3">3 实验内容与要求</h2>
<p>使用sqlite3实现学生表(学号, 姓名, 年龄), 课程表(编号, 课程名, 学分), 学生选课表(学号, 课程号, 成绩)的增删改查；</p>
<h2 id="4">4 实验环境</h2>
<p><code>Microsoft Edge/Chrome/Firefox</code>等浏览器，<code>Visual Studio Code</code>，<code>Python 3.4+</code></p>
<h2 id="_2">步骤</h2>
<ol>
<li>创建工作目录<code>学号</code>，最终目录结构如下（包含创建的各类文件）：</li>
</ol>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a>学号:.
<a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="w">    </span>create_student.py
<a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a><span class="w">    </span>delete.py
<a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="w">    </span>insert.py
<a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="w">    </span><span class="k">select</span>.py
<a id="__codelineno-0-6" name="__codelineno-0-6" href="#__codelineno-0-6"></a><span class="w">    </span>student.db
<a id="__codelineno-0-7" name="__codelineno-0-7" href="#__codelineno-0-7"></a><span class="w">    </span>student.py
<a id="__codelineno-0-8" name="__codelineno-0-8" href="#__codelineno-0-8"></a><span class="w">    </span>update.py
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="_3">建表</h3>
<ol>
<li>
<p>使用<em>Sqlite Studio</em>创建<em>stu.db</em>数据库</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>在stu.db中创建<em>student</em>表，参考代码如下：</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div class="highlight"><span class="filename">create_student.py</span><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">sqlite3</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="n">conn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sqlite3</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;student.db&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="nb">print</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;数据库打开成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;&#39;&#39;CREATE TABLE Student</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a><span class="s1">       (No INT PRIMARY KEY     NOT NULL,</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a><span class="s1">       NAME           TEXT    NOT NULL,</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-9" name="__codelineno-1-9" href="#__codelineno-1-9"></a><span class="s1">       AGE            INT     NOT NULL</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-10" name="__codelineno-1-10" href="#__codelineno-1-10"></a><span class="s1">       );&#39;&#39;&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-11" name="__codelineno-1-11" href="#__codelineno-1-11"></a><span class="nb">print</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;数据表创建成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-12" name="__codelineno-1-12" href="#__codelineno-1-12"></a><span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-1-13" name="__codelineno-1-13" href="#__codelineno-1-13"></a><span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
</code></pre></div>
<ol>
<li>完成课程表，选课表的操作</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="insert">INSERT操作</h3>
<ol>
<li>使用<em>execute</em>函数实现记录的<code>INSERT</code>操作，如：</li>
</ol>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">sqlite3</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a><span class="n">conn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sqlite3</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;student.db&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a><span class="nb">print</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;数据库打开成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;INSERT INTO Student (No,NAME,AGE) </span><span class="se">\</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a><span class="s2">      VALUES (1, &#39;Paul&#39;, 32)&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;INSERT INTO Student (No,NAME,AGE) </span><span class="se">\</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-11" name="__codelineno-2-11" href="#__codelineno-2-11"></a><span class="s2">      VALUES (2, &#39;Allen&#39;, 25)&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-12" name="__codelineno-2-12" href="#__codelineno-2-12"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-13" name="__codelineno-2-13" href="#__codelineno-2-13"></a><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;INSERT INTO Student (No,NAME,AGE) </span><span class="se">\</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-14" name="__codelineno-2-14" href="#__codelineno-2-14"></a><span class="s2">      VALUES (3, &#39;Teddy&#39;, 23)&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-15" name="__codelineno-2-15" href="#__codelineno-2-15"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-16" name="__codelineno-2-16" href="#__codelineno-2-16"></a><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;INSERT INTO Student (No,NAME,AGE) </span><span class="se">\</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-17" name="__codelineno-2-17" href="#__codelineno-2-17"></a><span class="s2">      VALUES (4, &#39;Mark&#39;, 25)&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-18" name="__codelineno-2-18" href="#__codelineno-2-18"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-2-19" name="__codelineno-2-19" href="#__codelineno-2-19"></a><span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-20" name="__codelineno-2-20" href="#__codelineno-2-20"></a><span class="nb">print</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;数据插入成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-2-21" name="__codelineno-2-21" href="#__codelineno-2-21"></a><span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
</code></pre></div>
<ol>
<li>完成课程表，选课表的对应操作</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="select">SELECT操作</h3>
<ol>
<li>使用<em>execute</em>函数实现记录的<code>SELECT</code>操作，如：</li>
</ol>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">sqlite3</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="n">conn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sqlite3</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;student.db&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a><span class="nb">print</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;数据库打开成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="n">sql</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">&quot;SELECT no, name, age from student&quot;</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-8" name="__codelineno-3-8" href="#__codelineno-3-8"></a><span class="n">cursor</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sql</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-9" name="__codelineno-3-9" href="#__codelineno-3-9"></a><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">cursor</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-10" name="__codelineno-3-10" href="#__codelineno-3-10"></a>   <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;No = &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-11" name="__codelineno-3-11" href="#__codelineno-3-11"></a>   <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Name = &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-12" name="__codelineno-3-12" href="#__codelineno-3-12"></a>   <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Age = &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-13" name="__codelineno-3-13" href="#__codelineno-3-13"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-3-14" name="__codelineno-3-14" href="#__codelineno-3-14"></a><span class="nb">print</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;数据操作成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-3-15" name="__codelineno-3-15" href="#__codelineno-3-15"></a><span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
</code></pre></div>
<ol>
<li>完成课程表，选课表的对应操作</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="update">UPDATE操作</h3>
<ol>
<li>使用<em>execute</em>函数实现记录的<code>UPDATE</code>操作，如：</li>
</ol>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-4-1" name="__codelineno-4-1" href="#__codelineno-4-1"></a><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">sqlite3</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-2" name="__codelineno-4-2" href="#__codelineno-4-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-4-3" name="__codelineno-4-3" href="#__codelineno-4-3"></a><span class="n">conn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sqlite3</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;student.db&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-4" name="__codelineno-4-4" href="#__codelineno-4-4"></a><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-5" name="__codelineno-4-5" href="#__codelineno-4-5"></a><span class="nb">print</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;数据库打开成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-6" name="__codelineno-4-6" href="#__codelineno-4-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-4-7" name="__codelineno-4-7" href="#__codelineno-4-7"></a><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;UPDATE Student set age = 23 where No=1&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-8" name="__codelineno-4-8" href="#__codelineno-4-8"></a><span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-9" name="__codelineno-4-9" href="#__codelineno-4-9"></a><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Total number of rows updated :&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">total_changes</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-10" name="__codelineno-4-10" href="#__codelineno-4-10"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-4-11" name="__codelineno-4-11" href="#__codelineno-4-11"></a><span class="n">cursor</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;SELECT no, name, age from Student&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-12" name="__codelineno-4-12" href="#__codelineno-4-12"></a><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">cursor</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-13" name="__codelineno-4-13" href="#__codelineno-4-13"></a>   <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;No = &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-14" name="__codelineno-4-14" href="#__codelineno-4-14"></a>   <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Name = &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-15" name="__codelineno-4-15" href="#__codelineno-4-15"></a>   <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Age = &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-16" name="__codelineno-4-16" href="#__codelineno-4-16"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-4-17" name="__codelineno-4-17" href="#__codelineno-4-17"></a><span class="nb">print</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;数据操作成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-4-18" name="__codelineno-4-18" href="#__codelineno-4-18"></a><span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
</code></pre></div>
<ol>
<li>完成课程表，选课表的对应操作</li>
</ol>
<h3 id="delete">DELETE操作</h3>
<ol>
<li>使用<em>execute</em>函数实现记录的<code>DELETE</code>操作，如：</li>
</ol>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><a id="__codelineno-5-1" name="__codelineno-5-1" href="#__codelineno-5-1"></a><span class="kn">import</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">sqlite3</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-2" name="__codelineno-5-2" href="#__codelineno-5-2"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-5-3" name="__codelineno-5-3" href="#__codelineno-5-3"></a><span class="n">conn</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">sqlite3</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connect</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;student.db&#39;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-4" name="__codelineno-5-4" href="#__codelineno-5-4"></a><span class="n">c</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cursor</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-5" name="__codelineno-5-5" href="#__codelineno-5-5"></a><span class="nb">print</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;数据库打开成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-6" name="__codelineno-5-6" href="#__codelineno-5-6"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-5-7" name="__codelineno-5-7" href="#__codelineno-5-7"></a><span class="n">c</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;DELETE FROM Student WHERE No=2;&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-8" name="__codelineno-5-8" href="#__codelineno-5-8"></a><span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">commit</span><span class="p">()</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-9" name="__codelineno-5-9" href="#__codelineno-5-9"></a><span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Total number of rows deleted :&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">total_changes</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-10" name="__codelineno-5-10" href="#__codelineno-5-10"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-5-11" name="__codelineno-5-11" href="#__codelineno-5-11"></a><span class="n">cursor</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">execute</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;SELECT No, Name, Age FROM Student&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-12" name="__codelineno-5-12" href="#__codelineno-5-12"></a><span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">cursor</span><span class="p">:</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-13" name="__codelineno-5-13" href="#__codelineno-5-13"></a>   <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;No = &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">])</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-14" name="__codelineno-5-14" href="#__codelineno-5-14"></a>   <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Name = &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-15" name="__codelineno-5-15" href="#__codelineno-5-15"></a>   <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;Age = &quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="se">\n</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-16" name="__codelineno-5-16" href="#__codelineno-5-16"></a>
<a id="__codelineno-5-17" name="__codelineno-5-17" href="#__codelineno-5-17"></a><span class="nb">print</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;数据操作成功&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a id="__codelineno-5-18" name="__codelineno-5-18" href="#__codelineno-5-18"></a><span class="n">conn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span>
</code></pre></div>
<ol>
<li>完成课程表，选课表的对应操作</li>
</ol>












                
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